Parallelization with Compilers:
The Software Vectorization Handbook (Excerpt from Chapter 3): A great intro to vectorization with the Intel Compiler.
Optimize code for SIMD processing (IBM AltiVec): An intro to IBM's AltiVec and vectorization in general.
GCC auto vectorization supports. (link)
Fjalar, A Dynamic Analysis Framework for C and C++ Programs: analyzes global variable usage to aid software partitioning
Algorithms:
Speech Recognition: